Background

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a severe clinical condition characterized by platelet consumption, hemolysis and multi-organ hypoxic/ischemic damage (particularly the kidney and the brain). Its incidence is very different according to geographic conditions but in Western countries it is the main cause of acute kidney failure in children. Although more common in children, the disease can also involve adults. To date there is no specific treatment for hemolytic uremic syndrome from STEC (Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia Coli) and patient management relies upon support measures only: red blood cell transfusions, antihypertensive therapy, dialysis, anticonvulsant drugs, respiratory and resuscitative care.